Solar Radiation Storm
NOAA Scales mini
R1 (Minor) Radio Blackout Impacts
HF Radio: Weak or minor degradation of HF radio communication on sunlit side, occasional loss of radio contact.
Navigation: Low-frequency navigation signals degraded for brief intervals.
More about the NOAA Space Weather Scales
Navigation: Low-frequency navigation signals degraded for brief intervals.
near_earth
Sunspots/Solar Cycle
Sunspots are dark areas that become apparent at the Sun’s photosphere as a result of intense magnetic flux pushing up from further within the solar
Total Electron Content
The Total Electron Content (TEC) is the total number of electrons present along a path between a radio transmitter and receiver.
Radiation Belts
Radiation belts are regions of enhanced populations of energetic electrons and protons surrounding the Earth in space.
Aurora
The Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) and Aurora Australis (Southern Lights) are the result of electrons colliding with the upper reaches of Earth’
Earth's magnetosphere
The magnetosphere is the region of space surrounding Earth where the dominant magnetic field is the magnetic field of Earth, rather than the magnet
Ionosphere
The Ionosphere, between 80 and ~600 km in the Earth’s upper atmosphere, is where solar radiation caused ionization creates a layer of electrons that can effect earth systems.
Coronal Holes
Coronal holes appear as dark areas in the solar corona in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft x-ray solar images.
Galactic Cosmic Rays
Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) are the slowly varying, highly energetic background source of energetic particles that constantly bombard Earth.
Ionospheric Scintillation
Ionospheric scintillation is the rapid modification of radio waves caused by small scale structures in the ionosphere.
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